Tcp/ip

Tcp/ip
 TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It defines how electronic devices (like computers) should be connected over the Internet, and how data should be transmitted between them.

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
TCP is responsible for breaking data down into small packets before they can be sent over a network, and for assembling the packets again when they arrive.
IP - Internet Protocol
IP takes care of the communication between computers. It is responsible for addressing, sending and receiving the data packets over the Internet.


Web browsers and servers use TCP/IP protocols to connect to the Internet. Common TCP/IP protocols are:
HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTP takes care of the communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTP is used for sending requests from a web client (a browser) to a web server, returning web content (web pages) from the server back to the client.
HTTPS - Secure HTTP
HTTPS takes care of secure communication between a web server and a web browser. HTTPS typically handles credit card transactions and other sensitive data.
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
FTP takes care of transmission of files between computers.

TCP/IP is a two-layer program. The higher layer, Transmission Control Protocol, manages the assembling of a message or file into smaller packets that are transmitted over the Internet and received by a TCP layer that reassembles the packets into the original message. The lower layer, Internet Protocol, handles the address part of each packet so that it gets to the right destination. Each gateway computer on the network checks this address to see where to forward the message.

TCP/IP uses the client/server model of communication in which a computer user (a client) requests and is provided a service (such as sending a Web page) by another computer (a server) in the network. TCP/IP communication is primarily point-to-point, meaning each communication is from one point (or host computer) in the network to another point or host computer.