GREEN COMPUTING

         "The development and use of computing in environmentally sustainable and Eco friendly manner is called Green Computing”

The use of computers has increased so much these days from micro level to macro level.Now a days computers are used in factories, shops ,houses ,laboratories,educational institutes  ,airports   ,banks  , etc. so computers are used everywhere .we are all aware of the advantage of the computers but are we aware of its disadvantages the harms it is causing to our environment maybe some of us are but mostly we are not!!!!

As computers are used extensively these days,the amount of natural resources are used to power these computers. The extensive use causes the following problems

• Pollution:
• Non biodegradable products
• Produces e-waste
• Produces green house effect
• Environmental Effects
• Energy consumption
• Electricity crisis

Some Important Facts

• Research shows that it takes about 1.8 tons of chemicals, water and fossil fuels to make  a personal computer, which is difficult and dangerous to recycle.
• In UK and USA  20 billion Kilowatt is wasted per year due to PCs left on in offices overnight
• ICT's produces 2% of world’s CO2 .
• when the computer screen is white presenting a blank page it consumes 74 Watts
• Disposal of computing devices (E-waste) constitutes 20-50 tons per year (5% of the total waste of planet) 
• plastic takes about 500-1000 years to decompose completely think about computers

so if a simple plastic takes this long to decompose think of the metals and the materials a normal personal computer is made of ..... how much time will it take to decompose ?? think about it 

 START OF GREEN COMPUTING

An organisation was launched in 1992 named ENERGY STAR,US Environmental protection Agency launched Energy star ,a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing, resulted in the development of sleep mode .

 GOALS OF GREEN COMPUTING

The aims and goals of green computing are

1.The use of biodegradable ,less harmful material

                                         2. Recycling

3.Maximize Energy Efficiency

4.Minimum E-Waste

Energy can be saved by

• Turning of idle PCs/using sleep mode
• Server Virtualization
• lower power hardware
• Hardware as a service
• Energy Efficient Coding

Reference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=350Rb2sOc3U

Green use:

the use of computers and its devices in such a way that minimum power is consumed:

• using sleep mode
• turning of PCs when not in use 
• saving power
• using LCDs instead of CRTs

green disposal:

• disposing off the pcs at a place where they could be recycled or disposed off in a proper way so that minimum harm is caused to the environment.''
• In the European  countries its a common trend to donate their PCs to schools if not in use.

green design:

• designing PCs and electronics with biodegradable material and using those materials which are less harmful to the environment.

 green manufacturing:

• It is becoming popular to use “bamboo” as a material to manufacture PC’s casings and peripherals
• Recyclable plastics are used in the manufacture of PCs as compared to old non recyclable plastics
• Reducing the volume of PCs to ensure minimum hardware
• Introducing Eco friendly products under energy star label
• Reduction in the Quantity of hazardous raw material used in the manufacturing of PCs

Practical implementation of green computing

Blackle:

          Blackle is a search engine powered by google custom search. Blackle came into being based on the concept that when a computer screen is white it consumes about 74 W when the screen is black it consumes only 54 W

Zonbu Computers:

                       Zonbu is the new energy efficient pc it consumes only the power of 1/3rd of a light bulb

Intel’s Fit PCs:

The fit PC is of the size of a paper back and is fit enough to run windows XP or Linux .It consumes 5 watts only. It consumes lesser power in a day than the normal PC in one hour. Fit PC is designed where a normal PC is too bulky ,noisy and power Consuming

IBM Project Big Green:

It is working to convert 2900 servers into 30 Mainframes to achieve 80% energy saving

N-Computing

• It is another practical implementation of Green Computing
• According to a report by Forrester Research, by the end of 2008. It took 27 years to reach one billion but will only take 7 more years to double that number.
• If N Computing systems were used at a ratio of 6 N Computing devices to each PC
• Energy use would decline by over 143 billion kilowatt hours per year
• CO2 emissions would decrease by 114 million metric tons. That’s like planting 550 million trees!
• E-waste would be reduced by 7.9 million metric tons

Advantages of N-Computing

• More than 15,000 organizations in over 80 countries have used N Computing to slash their carbon footprint and electric consumption.

• 

  X-Series and L series:

PCs typically consume between 110 to 200 watts of electricity. In contrast, N Computing access devices consume next to nothing. In fact, N Computing's L-series devices consume 5 watts per added user and the X-series consume just 1 watt per added user

The ways to implement Green Computing

• Use LCD’s instead of CRTs as they consume less energy
• Recycling the computers.
• Donate the computers not in use
• Create environmental awareness among people
• Print when it is really necessary
• Designing and testing Applications that do not restrict a computer from going to sleep mode.

Advantages of Green Computing

• Energy Saving
• Environment friendly
• Cost saving
• Less amount of heat generated
• Cost effective

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